2026 Child Vaccination Schedule Guide 2026儿童疫苗接种完全指南

Vaccinations are one of the most important things you can do to protect your child's health. The CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) updates the recommended vaccination schedule annually. This guide breaks down the 2026 schedule in a parent-friendly format, explains why each vaccine matters, and addresses common concerns.

疫苗接种是保护孩子健康最重要的措施之一。CDC的免疫接种实践咨询委员会（ACIP）每年更新推荐的疫苗接种时间表。本指南以家长友好的格式解析2026年的接种计划，解释每种疫苗的重要性，并回答常见疑虑。

Birth to 15 Months: Foundation Vaccines 出生至15个月：基础疫苗

At Birth 出生时：

• HepB (Hepatitis B) 乙肝疫苗 — First dose given within 24 hours of birth. Protects against hepatitis B virus, which can cause chronic liver disease and liver cancer. 出生24小时内接种第一剂。

2 Months 2个月：

• DTaP 百白破 — Protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough)
• IPV 脊灰疫苗 — Inactivated polio vaccine
• Hib 流感嗜血杆菌 — Prevents meningitis and pneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b
• PCV15 肺炎球菌疫苗 — Protects against pneumococcal disease (meningitis, pneumonia, ear infections)
• RV 轮状病毒 — Oral vaccine preventing severe diarrhea in infants
• HepB (2nd dose) 乙肝第二剂

4 Months 4个月： Second doses of DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV15, and RV 第二剂百白破、脊灰、流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎球菌和轮状病毒

6 Months 6个月： Third doses of DTaP, IPV (if needed), Hib (if needed), PCV15, and HepB. Also the start of annual influenza vaccination. 第三剂相关疫苗，开始每年流感疫苗接种。

12-15 Months 12-15个月：

• MMR 麻腮风 — Measles, mumps, rubella. First dose.
• Varicella 水痘 — First dose
• HepA 甲肝 — First dose (second dose 6 months later)
• PCV15 (4th dose) 肺炎球菌第四剂
• Hib (booster) 流感嗜血杆菌加强剂

15 Months to 6 Years: Booster Phase 15个月至6岁：加强剂阶段

15-18 Months 15-18个月： DTaP 4th dose 百白破第四剂

4-6 Years (School Entry) 4-6岁（入学前）：

• DTaP 5th dose (final) 百白破第五剂（最后一剂）
• IPV 4th dose (final) 脊灰第四剂（最后一剂）
• MMR 2nd dose 麻腮风第二剂
• Varicella 2nd dose 水痘第二剂

These are required for kindergarten entry in New York State. 纽约州入学必须接种。

7-18 Years: Adolescent Vaccines 7-18岁：青少年疫苗

11-12 Years 11-12岁：

• Tdap 破伤风/白喉/百日咳加强 — Booster for tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis
• HPV 人乳头瘤病毒疫苗 — Protects against cervical, throat, and other cancers caused by HPV. Two doses 6-12 months apart. Recommended for both boys and girls. 男孩女孩都应接种，预防HPV相关癌症。
• MenACWY 脑膜炎球菌 — First dose; booster at age 16

16 Years 16岁： MenACWY booster 脑膜炎球菌加强剂

16-18 Years (optional) 16-18岁（可选）： MenB (meningococcal B) based on shared clinical decision-making 根据医患共同决策可选择脑膜炎B疫苗

2026 Updates and Changes 2026年更新变化

• Updated COVID-19 vaccine recommendations for children (latest formulation recommended annually) 更新的儿童新冠疫苗建议
• PCV15 has replaced PCV13 as the standard pneumococcal vaccine for infants PCV15已替代PCV13成为婴儿标准肺炎球菌疫苗
• Expanded HPV vaccine catch-up recommendations through age 26 HPV疫苗补种建议扩展至26岁
• RSV immunization (nirsevimab) recommended for infants in their first RSV season RSV免疫球蛋白推荐用于第一个RSV季节的婴儿

Common Parent Concerns 家长常见疑虑

Q: Is it safe to give multiple vaccines at once? 同时接种多种疫苗安全吗？

A: Yes. Extensive research involving millions of children has confirmed that combination vaccines and simultaneous administration are safe. A child's immune system encounters thousands of antigens daily from food, bacteria, and the environment — the antigens in all childhood vaccines combined represent a tiny fraction of what the immune system handles every day. 广泛的研究证实同时接种是安全的。

Q: Do vaccines cause autism? 疫苗会导致自闭症吗？

A: No. This myth originated from a single fraudulent study published in 1998, which was retracted and its author lost his medical license. Since then, more than 15 large-scale studies involving over 1.2 million children have found absolutely no link between vaccines and autism. 超过15项涉及120万儿童的大型研究未发现疫苗与自闭症之间有任何关联。

Q: Can we spread out the vaccines? 可以把疫苗分散接种吗？

A: While some parents prefer an alternative schedule, delaying vaccines leaves children vulnerable during the period when they are most susceptible to serious infections. The recommended schedule is designed to provide protection at the earliest possible age. If you have concerns, discuss them with your pediatrician. Dr. Chao is happy to address any questions. 延迟疫苗会让孩子在最易感时期失去保护。

Q: What about side effects? 疫苗有副作用吗？

A: Most vaccine side effects are mild and temporary: pain at the injection site, low-grade fever, and fussiness for 1-2 days. Serious allergic reactions are extremely rare (about 1 in a million doses). The risks of vaccine-preventable diseases are far greater than the risks of vaccination. 大多数副作用轻微且暂时。

School and Daycare Requirements 入学和托儿所要求

New York State requires specific vaccinations for school enrollment. Children who are not up-to-date may be excluded from school during disease outbreaks. Our office can review your child's vaccination records, identify any gaps, and create a catch-up plan to ensure compliance with school requirements. 纽约州要求特定疫苗才能入学。我们可以审查记录并制定补种计划。